In cell biology, the word Queue describes the long arm of a chromosome.
The long arm of a chromosome is termed the q arm. All human chromosomes have two arms; the p arm which is the short arm and the q arm which is the long arm. The two are separated from each other only by primary constriction at the center called the centromere, the point at which the chromosomes is attached to the spindle fibers during cell division.
Answer:
Three factors are used.
The availability of sunlight.
The distance from shore and
The water depth.
Explanation:
<u>Availability of Sunlight
</u>
The photic zone is the upper part of the ocean into which sunlight penetrates.
<u>Distance from Shore
</u>
The intertidal zone is the strip of land where the land and ocean meet and overlap, or the zone between high and low tides.
The neritic zone is the marine-life zone that extends from the low-tide line out to the shelf break.
The oceanic zone is the marine-life zone beyond the continental shelf.
<u>Water Depth</u>
The pelagic zone is open zone of any depth. Animals in this zone swim or float freely.
The benthic zone is the marine-life zone that includes any sea-bottom surface regardless of its distance from shore.
The abyssal zone is a subdivision of the benthic zone characterized by extremely high pressures, low temperatures, low oxygen, few nutrients, and no sunlight
The answers;
1. Termination. Out of the 64 codons, UAG, UAA, and UGA are the stop codons that terminate translation when encountered by the ribosome. These three do not code for any amino acid but rather cause the translation complex to dislocate.
2. Translation. In this process, the ribosome ‘reads’ the codon and brings in a t-RNA with an anticodon to the codon. This tRNA carries a specific amino acid (for that codon) and engages in the P-site of the ribosome. The amino acid is taken from the t-RNA and used to elongate the polypeptide chain being formed. Thereafter the empty t-RNA dislocates.
3. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. When a tRNA brings in an amino acid to the initiation complex, it is dislocated when ‘empty’. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase then catalyzes the reattachment of another amino acid through a chemical reaction called esterification. The cognate tRNA then become an aminoacyl-tRNA.
4. tRNA . Every tRNA has an amino acid attached to it. The type of amino acid (out of the 22 amino acids) is determined by the anticodon on the tRNA. There are many codons that are amino acids meaning that there are redundant codons that specify for the same amino acid.
5. Initiation. Initiation begins by the formation of an initiation complex. This complex is comprosed by the two subunits of the ribosome, and the mRNA. The complex becomes compelete when a Met-tRNA (a tRNA with a methionine amino acid) engages the P-site and then translation begins.
