Humans, along with all other birds and mammals areendotherms<span> which means that they are animals that actively maintain a stable body temperature by generating heat.</span>
Answer: A change in allele frequencies caused by random events
Explanation :<u>Genetic drift refers to a process which occur due to sampling error from preceding generations that lead to a change in allele frequency by chance alone within a population.</u> It is a random process which leads to large significant changes within a population over a short period of time. The rapid changes are due to increasing inbreeding coefficient s and homozygosity from the removal of alleles.
It is peculiar to a population which is synonymous with regular cycle of extinction and recolonization. Therefore, together with evolution, mutation and migration, <u>it is one of the driving mechanism of EVOLUTION.</u>
It is caused by;
Static or recurring small population sizes,
"Bottlenecks” form of population, that is drastic reduction in population size;
Repopulation from a small number of individual-FOUNDER EVENTS.
<u>Measurements of Genetic Drift
</u>
The magnitude of genetic drift within a population depends on the effective population size for the population.This is represented as Ne. It is a theoretical number use to quantify the number of genetically distinct individuals that contribute gametes
antigen processing involves the breakdown of protein antigens and the subsequent association of peptide fragments on the surface of antigen-presenting cells with MHC class I or class II proteins.
Antigen is any foreign particle or molecule that can trigger a n immune response in the body.
After the body encounters the antigen cells like macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells will recognise and destroy them. The parts of the antigen will be presented by the macrophages to the T cells and hence they are also called Antigen presenting cells.
Antigen presenting cells will showcase the antigen or its part to the T cells. This is done with the help of a protein called major histocompatiblity complex or MHC complex proteins.
MHC proteins are present on cell surface and holds the antigens to showcase them to T cells.
To learn more about antigen here
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The answer you chose is correct becAuse if both parents are heterozygous for a disease that is recessive there is a 25%chance of the offspring inheriting the trait.Ex:
R r
R (RR) (Rr)
r (Rr) (rr) rr is the only outcome that can inherit the disease.
