Theres no chart in your question.
Answer:
These results show that the body regulates its salt and water balance not only by releasing excess sodium in urine, but by actively retaining or releasing water in urine. The advantage of this mechanism is that the long-term maintenance of body fluids isn't as dependent on external water sources as once believed.
Answer:
If he inherited a mutation which made him more susceptible to lung cancer, it may have been present in some of the gametes he produced and passed to his children
Explanation:
Even tho the cause of lung cancer is not very clear, a genetic predisposition is of a great influence, his smoking and therefore causing a lung cancer is not appliable to his children because of no connection, but in the sense of having a mutation which makes you predisposable to the cancer with or without the smoking, can lead to a high risk of gene inheritance and therefore inheriting the mutation with a high risk of getting lung cancer excluding the smoking.