The cell cycle is composed of S (synthetic) phase and M (Mitotic) phase. In between are G1
and G2 phases. cyclin-dependent kinases propel cell division. Their activation
results in the progression of a cell from one
phase to another while their inactivation
arrests a cell in a phase. In case of
damage to DNA during a cell cycle, transcription factors p53 (a renowned tumor suppressor) are recruited. P53 inhibits
cyclins-dependent kinases and also
induces cell apoptosis if DNA is not repaired.
Answer:
In order to be classified in the same species, a group of organisms must be able to A. interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Explanation:
A group of organisms living in a common area is not enough to be classified in the same species. Eating similiar foods and possessing a similar diet either. Biologocial concepts distinguishes two species based on the degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools. In order to be classified in the same species, a group of organisms must be able to <em>interbreed and produce fertile offspring. </em>Two very closely related species that have diverged from each other quite recently shared a common ancestor recently in evolutionary time. They will persist only as distinct biological species if they have reproductive isolation from one another.
Answer:
Water is called the "universal solvent" because it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid. Water molecules have a polar arrangement of oxygen and hydrogen atoms one side (hydrogen) has a positive electrical charge and the other side (oxygen) had a negative charge.
Explanation:
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Causes of speciation
<span>Geographic isolation
In the fruit fly example, some fruit fly larvae were washed up on an island, and speciation started because populations were prevented from interbreeding by geographic isolation. Scientists think that geographic isolation is a common way for the process of speciation to begin: rivers change course, mountains rise, continents drift, organisms migrate, and what was once a continuous population is divided into two or more smaller populations.
</span>Reduction of gene flow
<span>However, speciation might also happen in a population with no specific extrinsic barrier to gene flow. Imagine a situation in which a population extends over a broad geographic range, and mating throughout the population is not random. Individuals in the far west would have zero chance of mating with individuals in the far eastern end of the range. So we have reduced gene flow, but not total isolation. This may or may not be sufficient to cause speciation. Speciation would probably also require different selective pressures at opposite ends of the range, which would alter gene frequencies in groups at different ends of the range so much that they would not be able to mate if they were reunited.</span>
