Answer:
The selections are dependent.
Yes, they can be treated as independent (less than 5% of the population).
Step-by-step explanation:
Since the selections are made without replacement, each selection affects the outcome of the next selection and, therefore, the selections are dependent.
Although they are dependent, the selections can be treated as independent if the sample size is no more than 5% of the total population. In this case, the sample size is 1235 adults out of a population of 15,958,866 adults. The percentage represented by the sample is:

Thus the selections can be treated as independent for the purposes of calculations.
Answer:
x+4
Step-by-step explanation:
(x+1)+3
Answer:
Final Exam score is the response variable.
Step-by-step explanation:
The response variable is the variable of interest. It is what is being tested for given the predictor variables. The response variable is also called the dependent variable and from our question we want to predict final exam scores would improve if attendance is made mandatory or as the question says, required. The number of times attended is the independent variable while final exam score is the response variable.