In Sublimation, a solid changes directly into a vapor.
Radio waves
microwaves
infrared
ultraviolet
X-rays
gamma-rays
i can't give you a full answer to the lack of info, but everything goes somewhere. take the making of water, for instance. 2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen <u>must</u> equal H2O (2 parts hydrogen and 1 part oxygen) after being made.
Long story short: what goes in must have the same amount of atoms after the chemical reaction.
Social forces shape technology both in the form of deliberate social activism and also in unconscious ways. For example, in social activism, large demonstrations against oil pipelines can lead to more rapid development of alternatives to fossil fuels. Somewhat unconsciously, the clogging of cars in tight downtown areas in cities and decreasing parking space gave an impetus to develop new forms of rapid transit like subways and electric articulated buses.