<span>After staring at a blue light for a few minutes, Yoko shifts her gaze to a white wall and experiences an afterimage in the color yellow. Yoko's experience provides support for the opponent-process theory of color vision.
The opponent-process theory is proposed by
</span>color vision. This model was first proposed in 1878 by Ewald Hering and <span>states that when one emotion (in this case : color) is experienced, the other is suppressed. In Yoko's case she experiences (looked) the blue color long enough to supres the white color,</span>
Osteoblasts are the cells in the bone tissue that are responsible to form bone tissue itself. This is the process that allows bones to grow. To counteract this process, osteoclasts, another type of cell from the bone tissue, have the role to break down bone tissue by molecular processes - enzymatic and chemical.
Reforestation is a biodiversity method that can increase the biodiversity by replanting with trees. Reforestation will help forest recuperate from logging, rest fires and human abuse. Replanting trees will increase the density and variety of the trees and by doing so, wildlife will also increase. Although reforestation is a common approach to relive forest, forest management is still needed to maintain the endemic or native species.
Answer:
This study was focused on an Ecosystem level, as it involved soil properties and above-ground vegetation interacting with mentioned soil physic properties.
Explanation:
Ecological studies can be performed at different hierarchy levels:
- <u>Organism</u>: This is an individual physiologically independent from other individuals. At this level, it must be understood <em>how an organism survives</em> under certain changing <em>physic and chemistry conditions</em>, and how it <em>behaves</em> to reproduce, avoid predators, and find food.
- <u>Population</u>: Groups of individuals from the same species, with similar characteristics, capable of crossing, leaving offspring that live in the same habitat at the same time. At this level, it is interesting to know the <em>size of the population required to leave fertile offspring</em> that ensure the population will <em>survive over time</em>. It is also interesting to know <em>genetic variability </em>that allows <em>evolutive adaptation </em>to environmental changes.
- <u>Community</u>: Relationship or interaction between different species groups that live in the same habitat and at the same time. At this level, it is interesting to study <em>inter-specific interactions</em> that could cause <em>changes in the populations´ size</em>. These could be the cases of competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, and etcetera.
- <u>Ecosystem</u>: Basic interaction unit between population and environment that turn in complex relations existing between living and non-living elements in a given area. In the example, interactions between recovering vegetation and soil properties, as non-living elements.
Lichens are typically the first organisms to colonize bare rock. They are therefore the pioneer species in primary succession. Many organisms require soil before they can colonize an area. Lichens that colonize bare rock secrete acids that break down the rock and start the soil-production process.
