The radius of the anion is 7.413 nm
<h3>How to calculate the force of attraction between charges</h3>
The force of attraction (F) is given by the formula:
- F = (1/4π∈r²)(Zc*e)(Za*e)
where:
∈ = permittivity of free space = 8.85*10⁻¹⁵ F/m
Zc = charge on the cation = +2
Zc = charge on the anion = -2
e = charge on an electron = 1.602 * 10⁻¹⁹ C
r = interionic distance
r = rc + ra
where rc and ra are the radius of the cation and anion respectively
F = 1.64 * 10⁻⁸ N
Therefore based on the equation of force of attraction:
1.64 *10⁻⁸ = [1/4π(8.85*10⁻¹⁵)r²](2 * 1.602*10⁻¹⁹)²
r² = 5.63 * 10⁻¹⁷
r = 7.50 nm
Since r = rc + ra
where rc = 0.087 nm
thus, ra = r - rc = 7.50 - 0.087
ra = 7.413 nm
Therefore, the radius of the anion is 7.413 nm
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The formula you need is: heat= specific heat x mass x ΔT
specific heat= 0.46 j/g-C
mass= 100.0 grams
ΔT= 40.2 - 15.0= 25.2C
heat= (0.46) x (100.0) x (25.2)= 1159.2 joules or 1200 joules (rounded off)
The mass of melted gold to release the energy would be 3, 688. 8 Kg
<h3>How to determine the mass</h3>
We have quantity of energy is;
Q = n × HF
n = number of moles
HF = heat of fusion
Let's find number of moles
235.0 = n × 12.550
number of moles =
= 18. 725 moles
Note that molar mass of Gold is 197g/ mol
Number of moles = mass/ molar mass
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 18. 725 × 197
Mass = 3, 688. 8 Kg
Thus, the mass of melted gold to release the energy would be 3, 688. 8 Kg
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Calcium chloride dehydrate (CaCl₂ · 2 H₂O) have a molar mass equal to 147 g/mol.
Explanation:
To calculate the molar mass of calcium chloride dehydrate (CaCl₂ · 2 H₂O) we use the following formula:
molar mass of CaCl₂ · 2 H₂O = atomic weight of Ca × 1 + atomic weight of Cl × 2 + atomic weight of H × 4 + atomic weight of O × 2
molar mass of CaCl₂ · 2 H₂O = 40 × 1 + 35.5 × 2 + 1 × 4 + 16 × 2
molar mass of CaCl₂ · 2 H₂O = 147 g/mol
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