1 state the laws of refraction and define refractive index
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The text does not specify whether the resistance R of the wire must be kept the same or not: here I assume R must be kept the same.
The relationship between the resistance and the resistivity of a wire is
where
is the resistivity
A is the cross-sectional area
R is the resistance
L is the wire length
the cross-sectional area is given by
where r is the radius of the wire. Substituting in the previous equation ,we find
For the new wire, the length L is kept the same (L'=L) while the radius is doubled (r'=2r), so the new resistivity is
Therefore, the new resistivity must be 4 times the original one.
The relationship between the resistance and the resistivity of a wire is
where
A is the cross-sectional area
R is the resistance
L is the wire length
the cross-sectional area is given by
where r is the radius of the wire. Substituting in the previous equation ,we find
For the new wire, the length L is kept the same (L'=L) while the radius is doubled (r'=2r), so the new resistivity is
Therefore, the new resistivity must be 4 times the original one.
The lemon trees will always be the same so they are the constants. The independent variable is the water amount because it is changing. The dependent variable is the amount of lemons because it is the variable being tested. (If we change the amount of water how many lemons will be produced?)
