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Sloan [31]
3 years ago
12

Describe a DNA mutation and how it can affect an offspring.

Biology
2 answers:
horrorfan [7]3 years ago
7 0
Since all cells in our body contain DNA, there are lots of places for mutations to occur; however, some mutations cannot be passed on to offspring and do not matter for evolution. Somatic mutations occur in non-reproductive cells and won't be passed onto offspring. For example, the golden color on half of this Red Delicious apple was caused by a somatic mutation. Its seeds will not carry the mutation.
The only mutations that matter to large-scale evolution are those that can be passed on to offspring. These occur in reproductive cells like eggs and sperm and are called germ line mutations.
Greeley [361]3 years ago
5 0
A DNA mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, such that the sequence differs from what is found in most people. Mutations range in size; they can affect anywhere from a single DNA building block (base pair) to a large segment of a chromosome that includes multiple genes. DNA mutations can affect an offspring can result in abnormal protein products. Mutations can also introduce new alleles into a population of organisms and increase the population's genetic variation.
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When does the total number of chromosomes get reduced from 46 pairs to 23 individual chromosomes? View Available Hint(s) When do
ivann1987 [24]

Answer:

23 pairs of chromosomes (46 individual chromosomes) are redued to 23 individual chromosomes in meiosis I.

During Meiosis I

Explanation:

Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells with each having half the number of chromosomes as in the parent cell. During meiosis, cell division occurs twice because before the two halves of a duplicated chromosome (sister chromatids) is separated, it still needs to separate homologous pair of chromosomes, which is a similar but non-identical pair of chromosomes received from both parent. Hence, meiosis occurs in a two step division process; Meiosis I and Meiosis II.

Note that, a diploid cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes ( 46 chromosomes in total). Each pair of chromosome is from the haploid gamete produced by each parent after meiosis.

Before going into meiosis I, the cell must first undergo growth and replicate its DNA in the interphase stage just like in mitosis. In the Prophase I of meiosis I, chromosomes condense as in mitosis but also pair up. Each chromosome aligns with its homologue pair to form a structure called TETRAD or BIVALENT.

Homologous pairs, not individual chromosomes (23 pairs in number) line up at the metaphase plate for separation during metaphase I.

In anaphase I, the homologues are pulled apart by the spindle fibres and move apart to opposite ends of the cell. The sister chromatids of each chromosome, however, remain attached to one another and don't come apart. Hence, the cell now has 23 chromosomes on one side of the cell, and another 23 on the other side.

After cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm) in meiosis I, two daughter cells are produced and each now possesses 23 individual chromosomes (haploid) different from the parental 23 pairs (diploid).

N.B: Sister chromatids separate in the anaphase of meiosis II, where each chromatid is counted as an individual chromosome.

4 0
3 years ago
A paleobotanist studies tree rings to determine the history of an area. True False
makvit [3.9K]
It is true because scientists often do that

5 0
3 years ago
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Which compares prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Eduardwww [97]

Answer:

The correct answer is C

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

4 0
3 years ago
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One of the reasons you might struggle to lift a heavy object with your arm fully extended is because:_______.
klasskru [66]

Answer:

the overlapping decreases between the thin and thick filaments.

Explanation:

When w extend our hand or arm to the full and try to lift any heavy object, we are unable to lift the object inspite of applying all our force. We struggle hard to lift the object with our fully extended arm because when we extend our arm fully it decreases the overlapping of our thin and the thick filaments of our muscles which makes it difficult to lift. In other words, the resting length of our arm is the optimal length to generate force.

4 0
3 years ago
( please help) What type of mutation is shown in the diagram above?
Zanzabum

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

I think it may be point because only one section is changing.

4 0
3 years ago
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