Answer:Strontium-90 and cesium-137 have half-lives of about 30 years (half the radioactivity will decay in 30 years). Plutonium-239 has a half-life of 24,000 years. High-level wastes are hazardous because they produce fatal radiation doses during short periods of direct exposure.
Explanation:
Answer: A is condensation and B is freezing.
The process in which the gas changes to the liquid phase due to the removal of heat is known as condensation. Rains are formed in this way. The water vapour rises. As it raises above it loses heat and then cools down and condenses and comes down as rainfall.
The process in which the liquid changes to a solid on removal of heat is known as freezing. Formation of ice is an example. When the heat is removed at -4 degree Celsius the water freezes to ice.
2NaNO3(aq) + BaSO4 = Ba(NO3)2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) (s)
Procedures involved:
The cations or anions may transfer positions in this twofold replacement/displacement reaction, which results in AB + CD AD + CB. In such a reaction, water, an insoluble gas, or an insoluble solid must be one of the byproducts (precipitate). The reaction in question has the following molecular equation:
2NaNO3(aq) + BaSO4 = Ba(NO3)2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) (s)
Double displacement:
When two atoms or groups of atoms swap positions, a double displacement reaction occurs, creating new compounds. Typically, aqueous solutions are where it happens.
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2NaCl is an example of a double displacement reaction.
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Answer:
1. 6.005 g
2. 22.9 mL
3. Until the mixtures becomes homogeneous.
Explanation:
A buffer is a solution where a weak acid is in equilibrium with its conjugate base (its anion) or a weak base is in equilibrium with its conjugate base (its cation). The buffer remains the pH almost unaltered because it shifts the equilibrium if an acid or base is added.
1. The pH of a buffer can be calculated by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log[A⁻]/[HA]
Where [A⁻] is the concentration of the conjugate base (the anion) of the acid, and HA is the acid concentration.
5.10 = 4.76 + log[A⁻]/[HA]
log[A⁻]/[HA] = 5.10 - 4.76
log[A⁻]/[HA] = 0.34
[A⁻]/[HA] = 
[A⁻]/[HA] = 2.1878
Because the volume is the same, we can replace the concentration by the number of moles (n):
nA⁻/nHA = 2.1878
nA⁻ = 2.1878*nHA
The total number of moles of the substances in the buffer is: 0.200 mol/L * 0.5 L = 0.1 mol
nA⁻ + nHA = 0.1
2.1878*nHA + n HA = 0.1
3.1878nHA = 0.1
nHA = 0.0314 mol
nA⁻ = 0.0686 mol
The total number of moles of acetic acid needed is 0.1 mol (both substances may be from it):
m = MW*mol
m = 60.05*0.1 = 6.005 g
2. NaOH must react with acetic acid to form the anion, so for a 1:1 reaction, it will be needed 0.0686 mol of NaOH:
V = mol/concentration
V = 0.0686/3
V = 0.0229 L = 22.9 mL
3. The buffer must be a homogeneous solution, it means that it can't be noticed phases in the buffer, so the flask must be inverted until all the buffer is diluted in water, and it will be noticed when the solution becomes homogenous.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
When a beaker of ethanoic acid is placed in the refrigerator, its temperature drops and the vessel feels cool.
Now, when we mix ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate, an endothermic reaction occurs, fizzing is observed as carbon dioxide is given off and heat is lost to the surroundings causing the reaction vessel to feel cool to touch.
The difference between putting ethanoic acid in the refrigerator and adding sodium carbonate to the solution is that, in the former, no new substance is formed. The substance remains ethanoic acid when retrieved from the refrigerator. In the later case, new substances are formed. The substance is no more ethanoic acid because a chemical reaction has taken place.
