The similarities / characteristics the two cars share
At the bottom of the circle, the ball is being pulled upward by tension in the rope and downward by its own weight, so that the net force on it is
∑ F = 450 N - (0.75 kg) g = (0.75 kg) a
where a is centripetal acceleration. At this maximum tension, the ball has a maximum centripetal acceleration of
a = (450 N - (0.75 kg) g) / (0.75 kg) = 590.2 m/s²
Then its maximum tangential speed v is such that
a = v² / (1.0 m)
⇒ v = √((1.0 m) a) ≈ 25 m/s
Cutting an apple is a physical change. the chemical make-up remains the same.
