The gases being released from the ground
The correct option is B.
Having short breath and sharp pains in the chest are indications of cardiac distress and it indicate that the heart is been exerted upon. The first thing the nurse should do is to ask the patient to sit down in order to reduce the exertion force on the heart. Resting will allow the patient to become stabilized, the nurse can then check the patient's need for oxygen application.
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a. Competition: Humans compete with all organisms for space.
b. Parasitism: Humans have many parasites: head lice, ticks, tapeworms, etc.
c. Mutualism: We have mutualistic relationships with all domesticated plants/animals.
d. Commensalism: Pigeons thrive in metropolitan ecosystems without really
affecting humans (except for being mildly disgusting).