Using Newton's second law of motion:
F=ma ; [ F = force (N: kgm/s^2);m= mass (kg); a = acceleration (m/s^2)
Given: Find: Formula: Solve for m:
F: 2500N mass:? F=ma Eq.1 m=F/a Eq. 2
a= 200m/s^2
Solution:
Using Eq.2
m= (2500 kgm/s^2)/ (200m/s^2) = 12.5 kg
It should be 0.25kg because you converter from g to kg and since 1g<1kg so you move the decimal to the left
To develop this problem it is necessary to apply the Rayleigh Criterion (Angular resolution)criterion. This conceptos describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution. By definition is defined as:

Where,
= Wavelength
d = Width of the slit
= Angular resolution
Through the arc length we can find the radius, which would be given according to the length and angle previously described.
The radius of the beam on the moon is

Relacing 


Replacing with our values we have that,


Therefore the diameter of the beam on the moon is



Hence, the diameter of the beam when it reaches the moon is 7361.82m
Temperature doesn't really affect solubility on liquids so it can only be D besides it's already a liquid....