B. only 3% of water on earth is fresh
Answer:
DNA restriction enzymes cut the DNA molecule, while DNA ligases join the resulting DNA fragments
Explanation:
Transformation is a naturally occurring process by which bacteria incorporate exogenous genetic material from their surrounding environment. This process (transformation) is used for DNA cloning via plasmid vectors. In DNA cloning, transformation occurs after restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific sequences named palindromic sequences (i.e, sequences that can be read the same in opposite direction). Restriction enzymes can generate sticky-ends, where enzymes make staggered cuts in the two strands (e.g., <em>BamH</em>), or blunt ends, where the resulting strands are of the same length (e.g., <em>HaeIII</em>). In general, sticky-end enzymes are more useful because they generate a 3' overhang in one molecule and a complementary 5' overhang in the other, increasing the yield and specificity of ligation. During ligation, a DNA ligase is used to join both DNA strands by forming phosphodiester bonds in the plasmid. Following transformation, bacteria can be selected on antibiotic plates.
<span>Scientists first developed the geologic time scale by studying rock layers and index fossils through out the whole world. With this information, scientists placed Earth's rock layers in order by relative age. Later, radioactive dating helped determine the absolute age of the divisions in the geologic time scale.</span>
Answer:
Why Science Matters: Understanding the Methods of Psychological Research rises above standard research methods texts by presenting an up-to-date view of contemporary psychological science as it is currently understood and practiced.
Explanation:
It has to be understood that a global view of the phosphorous cycle actually means the moving of phosphorous from land to the sea sediments and then again back to land. On the other hand, soil based phosphorous cycle is when phosphate<span> is absorbed on organic matter particles and clay surfaces and becomes incorporated. It is basically the plants that dissolve ionized form of phosphate.</span>
