Each time a new ATP is created, ATP synthase must process 5 protons.
<h3>Where is ATP synthase found and what does it do?</h3>
- ADP and phosphate are converted into ATP by the mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase, which is located in the inner membrane.
- Protons are transported over a gradient created by electron transfer from the chemically positive to the negative side of the proton, which drives the flux of protons.
<h3>How does photosynthesis's ATP synthase function?</h3>
- The light-driven production of ATP is catalyzed by the chloroplast ATP synthase, which is activated in the light and deactivated in the dark by redox-modulation via the thioredoxin system.
- This down-regulation is thought to be crucial for minimizing wasted ATP hydrolysis at night.
<h3>What makes ATP synthase so crucial?</h3>
All cellular functions are powered by ATP, which is constantly used by cells and required for production. About 100 ATP molecules can be produced by each ATP synthase every second.
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<u>brainly.com/question/893601</u>
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Answer:
This question lacks options, the options are;
A. All cells have a cell wall.
B. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
C. All cells are capable of photoshynthesis.
D. All cells can develop into any other type of cell.
The answer is B.
Explanation:
The widely accepted universal cell theory is known to be contributed to by three scientists viz: Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolph Virchow.
As rightly stated in this question, Botanist Mathias Schleiden and Zoologist Theodor Schwann proposed that plants and animals are made up of cells in the year 1838 and 1839 respectively. However, in 1855, biologist Rudolph Virchow expanded the cell theory by adding that all living things are composed of cells and that these cells arise from pre-existing cells.
The collaboration of these three scientists brought about the cell theory that states:
* Cells are the basic unit of all living things.
* All living things are made up of one or more cells.
* All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
The Chloroplast is which organelle makes carbohydrates with the suns energy using the chrolophyll
It was during the Paleozoic Era that plants (first known from microfossils called cryptospores that appear in the mid-Ordovician, about 470 million years ago; Wellman and Gray 2000) and animals (known from Silurian fossils, at least 423 million years ago; Wilson and Anderson 2004) began to colonize the land
