So secularism are things related to worldy ideas and events. The Renaissance was a time when lots of secular ideas developed. So some secular ideas in the Renaissance were interest in learning and the arts, study of the Greek and Roman language, and the belief to change the world for the better. Hope this helps.
Concurrent powers<span> are </span>powers<span> in nations with a federal system of government that are shared by both the federal government and each constituent political unit</span>
The answer to this question since i cant just put the word because its to short is "pork barrel"
Honestly, I think the United States would eventually look the same as it does now. If they had not bought the land, they likely would have gone to war for it. It is very unlikely that they would have let it stay there as part of France or an independent country, both because of Manifest Destiny and for national security.