Can you please translate to English?
Answer:
Explanation:
Newton's Gravitation Law

where G is a constant, M and M the masses e d the distance betwen masses.

Answer:
b. They orbit around the Sun in a counterclockwise direction, when viewed from above the ecliptic plane.
Explanation:
All the objects of the solar system revolve around the Sun in a counterclockwise direction. The comet coming from the Oort's cloud will also follow the same kind of orbit. That is why it can't be a property to distinguish an Oort's cloud comet.
All other properties are correct to identify an Oort's cloud comet as the Oort's cloud is a considered a spherical cloud just outside the Solar system.
Answer:

Explanation:
v = Orbital speed = 130 km/s
d = Diameter = 16 ly
r = Radius = 
G = Gravitational constant = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ m³/kgs²

As the centripetal force balances the gravitational energy we have the following relation

Mass of the the massive object at the center of the Milky Way galaxy is 