Answer : The value of 
across the membrane is 6.80 kJ/mol
Explanation :
The relation between the equilibrium constant and standard Gibbs free energy is:
where,
= standard Gibbs free energy = ?
R = gas constant = 8.314 J/K.mol
T = temperature = 
= equilibrium constant
= concentration inside the cell = 
= concentration outside the cell = 
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
Thus, the value of across the membrane is 6.80 kJ/mol
Answer: The product from the reduction reaction is
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2OH
IUPAC name; 3- Methylpentan-1-ol
Explanation:
Since oxidation is simply the addition of oxygen to a compound and reduction is likewise the addition of hydrogen to a compound.
Therefore, hydrogen is added onto the carbon atom adjacent to oxygen in 3- methyl pentanal
CH3 CH2 CHCH3 CH2 CHO thereby -CHO( aldehyde functional group) are reduced to CH2OH ( Primary alcohol) which gives;
3-methylpenta-1-ol .
The structure of the product is:
CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2OH
The answer is 84.00661 grams
