This question is incomplete, here´s the complete question.
Wei-Chin designed a self-report inventory to measure how intimate partners express affection and hostility toward each other. The inventory is a list of positive behaviors (e.g., back rubs, holding hands) and negative behaviors (e.g., slamming doors, raising voices). After having a wide range of couples complete the inventory, Wei-Chin finds that happy couples endorse all the affection items and unhappy couples endorse all the hostile items. Which of the following problems prevents him from concluding that happy couples exchange more affectionate behaviors than unhappy couples?
1. sentiment override
2. item-overlap problem
3. correlation does not imply causation
4. social desirability effect
Answer: 3. Correlation does not imply causation.
Explanation:
Correlation is a statistical technique that evaluates how much two variables are linearly related, meaning they change together. However, two variables being correlated does not necessarily mean that one causes the other. Causation states that any change in a variable will cause a change in another variable.
The fact that happy couples endorsed all the positive behaviors, and unhappy couples the negative ones, shows that there´s a correlation, but it doesn't necessarily mean that unhappiness causes couples to exchange more negative behaviors, or vice-versa.
Answer:
The federal government was too strong, the states could not raise money by collecting taxes, some states remained loyal to Great Britain, the federal military was not able to provide for national security.
Explanation:
An example of respect for the idea of diversity is
"<span>
rules that protect the rights of minorities".</span>
The idea of diversity incorporates acknowledgment and regard. It implies
understanding that every individual is special, and perceiving our individual
contrasts. These can be along the measurements of race, ethnicity, sex, financial
status, age, physical capacities, religious convictions, political convictions,
or different belief systems. When there are rules that protect the minority
right that shows that a society actually respects and regards diversity.
Answer:
Theory
Explanation:
A theory is an evidenced based explanation about how a natural world situation, event or phenomenon occurs / act the way it does. A theory could be backed by a mathematical formula. A good example of such theory is Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity which has the mathematical formula
E= mc2.
