A student who has been shrunk to a size small enough to be inserted into the interior of a chloroplast, who then travels out into the cytosol, will have passed through two plasmatic membranes.
The student in question is placed in the interior of a chloroplast. The anatomy of a chloroplast, in broad terms, contains:
- Stroma
- Granum
- Inner membrane
- Outer membrane
These contents have been listed in order from the most interior to the most superficial. The question states that the student is placed in the granum, meaning that he is within the inner membrane. In order to escape into the cytosol, which lies just beyond the outer membrane, he must travel across two plasmatic membranes.
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Answer:
The theory of Continental Drift suggest that hundreds of years ago all the continents were one big continent called Pangea. Soon these contintents split up created the places that we live today. This theory was introduced by Alfred Wegener. His colleges thought he was crazy, but later studies proved his impossible theory to be true. By the process of "sea floor spreading" the continents were then ripped apart and drifted to where they are today.
I would say non-athletes would have a higher respiration rate as the athletes bodies are conditioned for the exercise and use to it and are better able to keep it as compared to non athletes.
