Answer:
Arterial blood gas (ABG) results from a 68-year-old woman with difficulty breathing show:
- Oxygenation (PaO₂): hypoxemia
- pH: acidosis
- PaCO₂: Hypercapnia
- HCO₃⁻: normal
whose interpretation is: <u>respiratory acidosis</u>.
Hypercapnia can produce symptoms such as confusion, drowsiness or lethargy, headache, nausea and vomiting and, in severe states, can cause severe unconsciousness and coma.
Explanation:
Respiratory acidosis is due to a failure in the breathing process that produces <u>hypoventilation</u>, decreasing the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) —hypoxemia— and increasing the partial pressure of CO₂ (PaCO₂), called hypercapnia.
- <u><em>Acidosis</em></u><em> is the result of the accumulation of CO₂ in the body, which is reflected as a decrease in </em><em>pH</em><em> below 7.35, with no change in bicarbonate content.</em>
- <u><em>Hypoxemia</em></u><em> is the decrease of PaO₂ below 60 mmHg.</em>
- <u><em>Hypercapnia</em></u><em> is the increase of PaCO₂ in ABG above 45 mmHg.</em>
- <em>Normal </em><em>bicarbonate</em><em> </em><em>(HCO₃⁻) </em><em>values range from 22 to 28 mEq/L in ABG. This compound can be altered in metabolic acidosis.</em>
<u>Hypercapnia mainly affects the nervous system</u>, producing symptoms that alter the state of consciousness of the affected, also producing headache and even nausea and vomiting.
Answer:
The correct answer is option D. give furosemide.
Explanation:
Digoxin is a drug that uses in the cardiovascular condition. It inhibits the Na-K ATPase enzyme, which functions to maintain the intracellular environment by regulating the entry and exit of sodium and potassium.
Digoxin toxicity may occur due to the low level of potassium (inside the cell)due to the inhibitaion of the sodium-potassium pump. Furosemide is a diuretic drug that decreases salt concentration (such as ions) in the body by increasing urine output. and causes a low level of potassium in the body
Thus, furosemide increases digoxin toxicity as during low levels of potassium, digoxin can easily bind with the sodium-potassium pump and shows severe effects.
The Digestive System consists of the Alimentary Canal and various other organs whose primary function is to support the Digestive System.
The Alimentary Canal, is a long tube about 10 meters long which starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. This tube consists of multiple sections which each have their own specific functions to perform in the process of digestion. The sections of the Alimentary Canal in the order in which they process food are
the function of the lingual papillae are
The alimentary tract serves primarily to convert food into absorbable particles and to pass them on to the other organs of the body. These events are initiated by mechanical processes (fragmentation, mixing, transport) and the secretion of digestive juices containing enzymes, which act to split proteins, fats and carbohydrates by hydrolysis into constituents small enough to be absorbed (digestion). These end products of digestion, together with water, minerals and vitamins, then pass through the intestinal mucosa, from the lumen of the intestine into the blood and lymph (absorption).
