Answer:
- <em>Option D. temperature</em>
Explanation:
Indeed it is generally established that <em>temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy ot the particles</em>.
The <em>kinetic energy</em> of a particle is proportional to the product of the mass and the square of the speed. Mathematically, the kinetic energy, KE, is:
Where m is the mass and v the speed of the particle.
In a sample of matter, not all the particles have the same speed, hence not all the particles have the same kinetic energy.
The kinetic energy and the temperature are related by the Boltzman equation:
Where K is a constant (Boltzman constant) and T is the absolute temperature.
Therefore, as you can see from the last equation, <em>the temperaure is a measure of the averate kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter</em>.
This is, at a certain temperature, every substance has the same average kinetic energy.
Answer:
Mg.
Explanation:
- The oxidation-reduction reaction contains a reductant and an oxidant (oxidizing agent).
- An oxidizing agent, or oxidant, gains electrons and is reduced in a chemical reaction. Also known as the electron acceptor, the oxidizing agent is normally in one of its higher possible oxidation states because it will gain electrons and be reduced.
- A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is an element (such as calcium) or compound that loses (or "donates") an electron to another chemical species in a redox chemical reaction.
<em>Mg + 1/2O₂ → MgO.</em>
<em></em>
Mg is oxidized to Mg²⁺ in (MgO) (loses 2 electrons). "reducing agent".
O is reduced to O²⁻ in (MgO) (gains 2 electrons). "oxidizing agent".
Answer:
.
Explanation:
Magnesium chloride and silver nitrate reacts at a 
ratio:
.
In reality, the nitrate ion from silver nitrate did not take part in this reaction at all. Consider the ionic equation for this very reaction:
.
The precipitate silver chloride 
is insoluble in water and barely ionizes. Hence, 
isn't rewritten as ions.
Net ionic equation:
.
Calculate the initial quantity of nitrate ions in the mixture.
.
Since nitrate ions 
do not take part in any reaction in this mixture, the quantity of this ion would stay the same.
.
However, the volume of the new solution is twice that of the original nitrate solution. Hence, the concentration of nitrate ions in the new solution would be 
of the concentration in the original solution.
.
