Answer:
The correct answer is option A, that is, one valence electron in its third energy shell and option C, that is, 11 electrons and 11 protons.
Explanation:
The outermost electrons and the ones that take part in the process of bonding are termed as valence electrons. The atomic number of sodium is 11, thus, it possesses 11 protons and the atoms are neutral so it suggests that sodium has 11 electrons. By electronic configuration, it can be seen that in sodium, two electrons are present in the first shell, 8 in the second, and only one electron in the third shell, that is, 2.8.1. The electron present in the third shell is the valence electron.
Answer: There are
molecules present in 183.2 grams of
gas.
Explanation:
Given: Mass = 183.2 g
Number of moles is the mass of substance divided by its molar mass.
As molar mass of water is 18 g/mol. Therefore, moles of
are calculated as follows.

According to the mole concept, there are
molecules present in one mole of a substance.
Hence, molecules present in 10.17 moles are calculated as follows.

Thus, we can conclude that there are
molecules present in 183.2 grams of
gas.
<u>Answer:</u> The cell potential of the cell is +0.118 V
<u>Explanation:</u>
The half reactions for the cell is:
<u>Oxidation half reaction (anode):</u> 
<u>Reduction half reaction (cathode):</u> 
In this case, the cathode and anode both are same. So,
will be equal to zero.
To calculate cell potential of the cell, we use the equation given by Nernst, which is:
![E_{cell}=E^o_{cell}-\frac{0.0592}{n}\log \frac{[Ni^{2+}_{diluted}]}{[Ni^{2+}_{concentrated}]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=E_%7Bcell%7D%3DE%5Eo_%7Bcell%7D-%5Cfrac%7B0.0592%7D%7Bn%7D%5Clog%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BNi%5E%7B2%2B%7D_%7Bdiluted%7D%5D%7D%7B%5BNi%5E%7B2%2B%7D_%7Bconcentrated%7D%5D%7D)
where,
n = number of electrons in oxidation-reduction reaction = 2
= ?
= 
= 1.0 M
Putting values in above equation, we get:


Hence, the cell potential of the cell is +0.118 V
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Hope this helps