Gregor Mendel was a scientist born in the Austrian Empire in 1822. He
conducted pea plant experiments and established many of the rules of
heredity. He was explaining the significance of invisible factors ( now
called genes ) for the inheritance. He also experimented with hawkweed
and honeybees. Mendel is referred to as "The Father of Genetics".
Answer: Genetics.
The statements that are true concerning living organisms and how they acquire energy are;
Cells, the basic unit of life, cannot survive on their own. Instead, all living organisms must obtain and use energy to live.
The daily food consumption of an organism provides the energy to support all the metabolic processes required for the organism to live.
What are Living organisms?
Living organisms can be regarded as organisms that possess characteristics such as the ability to move and reproduce.
However, they acquire useful energy in different ways, and the daily food consumption of an organism provides the energy to support all the metabolic processes.
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Answer:
1. Circulatory System
2. Respiratory System
3. Endocrine System
4. Nervous System
5. Urinary/ Excretory System
Explanation:
1. Circulatory System- The heart pumps blood and blood vessels such as arteries and veins, transports the blood to every part of our body providing organs and muscles with nourishment.
2. Respiratory System- This system maintains our breathing. It supplies the body with oxygen for cellular respiration.
3. Endocrine System- The glands of the endocrine system secrete chemicals called hormones that regulate most of the processes in our bodies like growth, reproduction, metabolism, etc...
4. Nervous System- The entire nervous system controls all of the other systems of the body and it also transmits information to the brain, such as pain and external sensations.
5. Urinary/Excretory System- This system is responsible for eliminating waste products of metabolism and other materials from the body that are of no use.
The most important idea is that the genetic material of any organism must be able to accurately replicate itself at least every generation (or for multicellular organisms at each cell division).
Base pairing (A-T or U and C-G)allows DNA and RNA (eg in polio virus, see Wikipedia page on RNA dependent RNA polymerase) to create a copy of themselves, when the appropriate enzymes are present. Proteins have no way of making a copy of themselves.
Stability is probably the main reason DNA is the most common genetic material. DNA has no enzymatic activity and was probably selected for to maintain the integrity of the genetic material (rather than having to perform a function for the cell/virus, during which it may be destroyed). The double helix structure also protects its integrity, and proofreading enzymes have also evolved which correct most of the mistakes made at DNA replication. RNA viruses don't have this mechanism- which could be said to be an advantage (as they can rapidly change and therefore avoid their hosts' immune systems), however in non-parasitic organisms most mutations in a gene would lead to a loss of an essential function and the extinction of that genome.
I don't think either of these reasons are relevant, but I think the main reasons retroviruses convert their RNA to DNA are so they can use the host cell's replication machinery (this was they do not need to encode as many genes), and secondly they need avoid the antiviral mechanisms of the cell, which would destroy any double stranded RNA molecules found (even if the virus was single stranded, dsRNA would have to be produced at replication).
The answer is C. The symbiotic relationship has evolved for so many years such that the two are obligate symbiotes and cannot function normally without the other. Chloroplast and mitochondria are believed to have been once free-living bacteria according to endosymbiosis theory.
