(a) The type of study described in the question is referred to as an experimental study.
(b) The treatment group is the group that exercises 2 times a week, whereas the control group is the group that does not exercise.
(c) Yes, the study under consideration makes use of blocking.
The blocking variables are 18-30-year-olds, 31-40-year-olds, and 41-55year olds.
(d) No, the study under consideration did not make use of blinding because the patients know if they are in the group that exercises or the one that doesn’t.
