-- Heat is a form of energy.
-- Joule is the SI unit of energy.
ergo
-- Joule is a unit of heat.
'Degree Celsius' and 'Kelvin' are units of temperature.
Heat and temperature are different things.
We won't go there right now.
Answer:
The last one, nicotine from tobacco
Answer:
Approximately 
, assuming friction between the vehicle and the ground is negligible.
Explanation:
Let 
denote the mass of the vehicle. Let 
denote the initial velocity of the vehicle. Let 
denote the spring constant (needs to be found.) Let 
denote the maximum displacement of the spring.
Convert velocity of the vehicle to standard units (meters per second):
.
Initial kinetic energy (
) of the vehicle:
.
When the vehicle is brought to a rest, the elastic potential energy (
) stored in the spring would be:
.
By the conservation of energy, if the friction between the vehicle and the ground is negligible, the initial 
of the vehicle should be equal to the 
of the vehicle. In other words:
.
Rearrange this equation to find an expression for , the spring constant:
.
Substitute in the given values 
, 
, and 
:
Answer:
Object appears to move forward at 1 cm/sec, then the velocity drops to zero for 3 sec and then moves forward at 2 cm/sec (11 - 3) / (10 - 6) = 2 cm/sec
No one can really tell exactly how old the universe is. However, scientists have attempted to estimate the time by using the concept of Doppler effect which depends on the frequency of the stars and their relative velocities. From literature, the universe is about 13.82 billion years old. Thus, the age of the universe is 13.82×10⁹ times longer than a year.
