Given Question:
Can prokaryotes exchange genes with each other?
Answer: <u>True</u>
Explanation:
By the process of conjugation, their DNA is <u>transferred</u> from one prokaryote to another by means of a pilus, which brings the organisms into contact with one another. The DNA transferred can be in the form of a plasmid or as a hybrid, containing both plasmid and chromosomal DNA.
Answer:
a) Genes b and c are farthest apart.
Explanation:
Transformation occurs when a competent bacteria cell takes up genetic material from the environment. Usually a donor cell donates its gene fragment which is then incorporated into the chromosome or plasmid of recipient bacterial cell.
Cotransformation occurs when two genes are taken up together by the recipient. The closer the genes lie to each other, more are the chances of them being taken up together. Contransformation frequency will be higher if two genes are close to each other. Here, cotransformation frequencies between three genes are given. Amongst them, the lowest frequency is 0.0064% which is present between gene b and c. Hence, gene b and c are the farthest apart.
In this cross the trait of long tail fins is associated with the “Y” chromosome of the male.
Thus the alleles of the male are represented by XY” where X chromosome has no trait of long tails find
And the allels of the female are represented by XX, as they do not have long tail fins.
When these two are crossed , the following punnet square is produced
X Y”
X X X X Y”
X X X X Y”
The XX is the female while the XY” is the male offspring.
Causes:
1. the increase in population and growth of the human race
2. the need for housing and industrial advancements
effects:
1. loss of habitat for wildlife
2 loss of trees for oxygen
Answer:
The genetic material of most of the organism is Dexoxy-ribonucleic acid OR DNA which are formed of the monomer unit called nucleotide.
Each nucleotide is composed of a 5-C deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group and 4 types of nitrogenous bases mainly adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine.
It is the sequence of these nitrogenous bases which determine the fate of a cell as these nitrogenous bases are read by the ribosome in the form of triplets called codons where each codon codes for specific amino acids. These amino acids bind to each other via peptide bonds to form proteins.
Thus, these nitrogenous bases control the important property of the cell.
