Ottoman Empire might have affected Europe history in many different forms. For example, i "isolated the country from the capitalism system in Western Europe". It contributed to Bosnia´s modern conflicts because of his invasion. It monopolized the trade between Europe and Asia by controlling the routes.<span />
The answer for 1 is D and for 2 is B
The term that best describes the Soviet states' transition into independence is 'challenging'.
Answer: Challenging
<u>Explanation:</u>
The Soviet states gained independence after a horrendous conflict with the Tsar. The Tsar had formed a belief amongst the people through the clergies appointed by him.
He was the one chosen by God as a representative of his own to rule over the region. It was difficult to break this belief of the people and transfer the power into the hands of the proletariat
.