If all firms only earn a normal profit in the long run, firms will develop new products or lower-cost production methods because they can innovate and possibly earn an economic profit in the short run.
Explanation:
Competition involves constant efforts by companies and executives to do more than the loss (normal gains) of new goods or by improving ways to manufacture current products at lower prices. Therefore, if businesses can invent, they will achieve short-term economic advantage.
Economic benefit encourages entry, economic losses lead to exit and firms in a highly profitable market earn little economic income in a long-term equilibrium. In an industry where inflation does not change the costs of materials (a market with a constant cost), the long-term supply curve is a horizontal line.
Interest rates would increase since the tax-exempt status of municipal bonds would lose some of its appeal and there would be less of a market for them as a result of the lower income tax rates.
When the income tax rate is reduced for municipal bonds, the value of the bonds will also decline because the tax-exempt status for the bonds will also be reduced as a result of the lower income tax rate. Additionally, it lessens the demand for municipal bonds.
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Answer:
Yes it is copyright infringement.
In order for someone to transfer any material (in this case music) digitally or online, it must be copied first. So when someone produces a digital sampling of copyrighted material, no matter if it only lasts a couple of seconds, it constitutes copyright infringement.
According to <em>Robin Leidner</em>, fast-food restaurants rationalize the process of providing food to customers by developing standardized scripts for employees to use when dealing with customers.
There are many advantages associated with the fact that fast-food chains develop standardized scripts for customer service, as this way, they ensure compliance and quality of processes.
Standardization in fast-food restaurants therefore ensures faster service, mechanization of processes and higher quality in food production, since production and service standards must be followed in any unit of a fast-food chain.
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