Despite wide recognition that speculation is critical for successful science, philosophers have attended little to it. When they have, speculation has been characterized in narrowly epistemic terms: a hypothesis is speculative due to its (lack of) evidential support. These ‘evidence-first’ accounts provide little guidance for what makes speculation productive or egregious, nor how to foster the former while avoiding the latter. I examine how scientists discuss speculation and identify various functions speculations play. On this basis, I develop a ‘function-first’ account of speculation. This analysis grounds a richer discussion of when speculation is egregious and when it is productive, based in both fine-grained analysis of the speculation’s purpose, and what I call the ‘epistemic situation’ scientists face.
Answer:
Las regiones culturales son todas aquellas áreas o espacios geográficos que tienen en común varios aspectos propios de una cultura determinada. Es decir, comparten una misma lengua, costumbres, origen, tradiciones, religión e historia. Por otro lado, estas regiones no necesariamente comparten cercanía territorial.
Explanation:
por nada
Answer:
Nancy's lapse in memory is due to substance abuse
Explanation:
While Amnesia will result from damage to a brain structure in the limbic system, responsible for emotions and memories, often known as neurological amnesia.
Nancy has rather a self-caused forgetting which is enabled by
use of drugs like benzodiazepines or sedatives, alcohol, marijuana often causes forgetting effects yet amnesia is a disorder that generally speaking arises as a result of a brain injury or a severe mental health conditions
Today we know that certain substance called beta-blockers help destabilize painful or fearful memories that ofter are hard to forget.
Persons that are suffering in a relationship can have certain periods where they solve substance abuse and taking alcohol with drugs often leads to a substance called metyrapone that blocks the synthesis of the cortisol.
The stress hormone cortisol is suppressed allowing the person to "forget those painful moments".
Since many people solve to drugs and their negative effects are severe, by no means, this will be a solution.
It would be always advised to seek help and gain better insight to deal with circumstances cleverly.
