Answer:a. Tell a joke
Explanation:Some people or cultures consider certain jokes to be very offensive and some people don't really take a joke as well as you may hope they would especially if they came for a speech , they may be too formal to open to a joke and it may create an awkward atmosphere before you even start. It would be good to get to know the overall background of your audience so that even if you make a joke it would be an appropriate one based on your audience.
Answer:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning)
Explanation:
Higher-order conditioning (second-order conditioning) is not about the direct threaten of stimulus but it is about the indirect threaten of the stimulus. It involves disturbances in emotional and behavioral stimuli. This type of conditioning occurs with the people who faced any type of trauma in their life.
It occurs with the pairing of the situation with the traumatic situation. This conditioning includes negative emotions as well as less or neutral cues related to the situation. Thus the neutral cue creates the same disturbance as happened in the original situation.
Thus here in the above context, Fred's dog was conditioned at the sound of the bell for salvation. After that Fred associated the bell with another stimulus like a whistling sound.
Fred's dog even then salivate when it hears the sound of the whistle, he never heard before. This illustrates the second-order conditioning or higher-order conditioning.
Answer:
Frustration-aggression theory
Explanation:
- Frustration is the inclination of disturbance and irritation when something squares a person from accomplishing an objective.
- In the past situation, one's objective of turning in one's examination paper on time is being prevented by the printer's glitch. One toss one knapsack down in irritation and continue to kick it a few times. This is a case of frustration transforming into aggression.
- Aggression is a malevolent conduct or frame of mind towards a person or thing, for the most part activated by disappointment.
- On the off chance that an objective is being blocked, individuals frequently become frustrated. The frustration-aggression hypothesis expresses that frustration often prompts aggression.
- This hypothesis was propounded by Doob, Dollard,Sears, Mower, and Miller in the year 1939.
