Answer:
Bridgham et al. (2006) showed that the interaction between a steroid hormone (aldosterone-M) and its receptor (mineralocorticoid) evolved by Darwinian gradualism. In this work, the authors demonstrated a primitive affinity between the hormone and its receptor that was initially present in chemically similar but more ancient ligands. This result has implications in understanding the association between gene duplication and the evolution of hormone signaling pathways. For example, in invertebrates, this work reinforces the importance of gene duplication in the existing interaction between paralogous glucocorticoid receptors and their receptor mineralocorticoid genes that were derived from duplication (Thornton 2001).
The publications above cited are the following:
J.T. Bridgham, S.M. Carroll, and J.W. Thornton (2006). Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation. Science, 312(5770), 97-101.
JW Thornton. Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (PNAS), 2001, vol. 98 10 (pg. 5671-5676).
The 8 characterstics of life are as follows:
1. Made of cells
2. Adapt and Respond to environment
3. Homeostasis or Internal Balance
4. Based on genetic code- DNA or RNA
5. Evolution- all organisms evolve over time
6. Consume energy
7. All organisms reproduce
8. All organisms grow and develop
Answer:
Explanation:
When you are in the northern hemisphere, you are near the north pole. If you are in the Southern Hemisphere, you are closer to the South Pole. As you probably already know, the earth is tilted. When you are closer to the equator, your number of daylight hours increase. The farther you are from the equator, the less daylight you will receive.
I believe the answer is B. Hope I help! Sorry if not. ):)
