Answer: Covalent bonds
Explanation: These covalent bonds are formed with carbon atoms and other elements.
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Answer:
Valinomycin is an antibiotic that are mainly used against the bacteria streptomycin. The valinomycin might also acts as the ionophore used for the regulation of the ions transport.
Only some selected particles can pass down to the plasma membrane. The hydrophobic molecule can easily cross the plasma membrane. Valinomycin is hydrophobic on its exterior surface and easily diffuse through the cell membrane. Valinomycin is hydrophillic from the interior surface and used for the encapsulation of the polar ions.
RNA is important to cells because it relays information encoded in DNA to tiny organs within the cell, called ribosomes, which produce protein according to the RNA's instructions.<span> RNA is thus vital to the basic functioning of the cell.</span>
The correct option is D. There are four different nitrogenous bases in DNA molecules; these bases are joined together by different forces including hydrogen bonds. In DNA molecules, there are two hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine while there are three hydrogen bonds between cytosine and guanine. Thus, the hydrogen bonds between cytosine and guanine is the stronger.