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Harlamova29_29 [7]
3 years ago
11

Energy extraction and the complete oxidation of foodstuffs requires three stages. The energy extracted from fuels is converted t

o ATP. Select the statements that are true for the different stages required for energy extraction and complete oxidation of foodstuffs.
A. In the first stage, macromolecules are converted to monomers, and a small amount of ATP is produced.
B. In the first and second stages the majority of ATP needed for cellular processes is produced.
C. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO2 , and most of the ATP needed for cellular processes is produced.
D. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO2 , and a small amount of ATP is produced.
E. In the second stage, monomers are broken down, and a small amount of ATP is produced.
F. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO2 , and no ATP is produced.
Biology
1 answer:
Rina8888 [55]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

C. In the third stage, fuel molecules are completely oxidized to CO2 , and most of the ATP needed for cellular processes is produced.

Explanation:

The three stages in the generation of energy from the oxidation of foodstuffs are given below:

First stage - This stage is the preparation stage and no useful energy is produced in this stage. In this stage, large molecules in food are broken down into smaller units. Proteins are broken down to amino acids, polysaccharides to simple sugars such as glucose, and fats are broken down to glycerol and fatty acids.

Second stage - In this stage, the various small molecules from the first stage are degraded to simple units (mostly acetyl-CoA) that are useful in metabolic activities of the body. Few ATP molecules are generated in this stage.

Third stage - In this final stage, most of the ATP required for cellular processes is produced from the complete oxidation of the acetyl unit of acetyl CoA to CO₂ in the citric acid cycle as well the oxidation of the electron carriers NADH and FADH₂ in oxidative phosphorylation.

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the steps for a new receptor synthesis:

Explanation:

Do not forget the steps vary from an eukarityc cell to prokarityc one.  

IN AN EUKARYOTIC CELL:

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IN A PROKARYTIC CELL:

1- Transcription (no splicing is needed, there are not exons)

2- There are not nucleus and cytoplasm divided (no transport)

3- Ribosomes recognize a signal in mRNA and start reading the genetic code, three consecutive nucleotides at a time and adjust the correspondent tRNAs (tRNAs carry the aminoacids)

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4. Iron ions and amino acids are recycled to make new hemoglobin in red bone marrow. Bilirubin is sent to liver for excretion.

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Aging erythrocytes are trapped in the sinusoids of the spleen, where they are digested by macrophages. Within the macrophage, hemoglobin is broken down into amino acids, iron ions, and bilirubin.

Iron ions or heme ion and amino acids then move through the blood to the bone marrow, where they are recycled and used to create new hemoglobin. Bilirubin travels with the help of the blood to the liver, where it is modified and then excreted.

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