First find the moles
moles of the calcium= 72.8 / 40
moles of calcium in 72.8g = 1.82mol
number of atoms= moles x Avogadro constant
atoms = 1.82 x 6.02x10+23
so the number of atoms is 1.096x10+24
Answer:
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You can put a known amount sodium into some sort of time release mechanism such as a pill made from soluble material. Then you can place the sodium into a calorimeter with a known mass of water and record the temperature change the water undergoes during the reaction. Then you can use the equation q(water)=m(water)c(water)ΔT to find the amount of heat absorbed by the water. since the amount of heat absorbed by the water is the amount of heat released from the sodium, q(sodium)=-q(water). Than you can use the equation q(sodium)=m(sodium)c(sodium)ΔT and solve for c(sodium)
I hope this helps and feel free to ask about anything that was unclear in the comments.
