<span>Swift claims that landlords have consistently mistreated the impoverished and “already devoured most of the parents” who would serve as the country’s “breeders.”
In this choice, the author simply puts "claims..." and adds no extra bias.</span>
epigram<span>a : pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way</span>
Answer:
The central Idea is "For many reasons, notable people sometimes avoid revealing their private identity".
Explanation:
If you read the text the author clearly expresses his/her feeling based on that one topic. The main idea is implied. (are those multiple answers or a text I'm not sure)
The third one is the one that contains the true analogy.