Mindful eating is being aware of what and how much you are eating and learning to savor your food. It is being aware of your eating habits and how you feel when you eat. It is not about diets. One example of mindless eating is eating until we are too full and then feeling guilty so one tip that wouldn't be mindful eating is - Finish all of the food on your plate.
OK so some of the long term effects would be Black lung, Congestive heart failure, Non fatal cancer, Reduction in life expectancy, Chronic bronchitis, Respiratory hospital admissions. Loss of IQ from air and water pollution.