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vlada-n [284]
3 years ago
5

Jessica Adams is 21 years old and has just graduated from college. In considering the retirement investing options available at

her new job, she is thinking about the long term effects of inflation. Explain the effect of long term inflation on meeting retirement financial planning goals. If long term inflation is expected to average 4% per year and you expect a long term investment of 7% per year- what is Jessica's long term expected real rate of return (adjusted for inflation)
Business
1 answer:
Marina CMI [18]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The summary as per the given query is summarized in the explanation section below..

Explanation:

The given values are:

The nominal rate of return,

= 7%

i.e.,

= 0.07

Inflation,

= 4%

i.e.,

= 0.04

  • Lengthy-term inflation would lessen the return on investment that lowers the net return as long-term investments are made.
  • It can also aim to obtain a higher return that will comfortably exceed the rate of inflation and therefore is beneficial towards diminishing the average return.

Now,

The rate of return will be:

= (\frac{1+ nominal \  rate \ of \ return}{1+Inflation}) -1

On substituting the values, we get

= (\frac{1+0.06}{1+0.04} )-1

= (\frac{1.07}{1.04} )-1

= 1.028846-1

= 2.8846 \ percent

Therefore it isn't able to measure the average return rate because the quantity of years for its expenditure.

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Journalize the following transactions in the accounts of Sedona Interiors Company, a Restaurant Supply Company that uses the all
svp [43]

Answer:

Accounts Receivables 19900 debit

Sales Revenues  19900 credit

--to record sale--  

COGS  14300 debit

Inventory  14300 credit

--to record COGS of the previous sale--    

Cash    4,200 debit

Accounts Receivables 4,200 credit

--to record colelction from Beijing Palace Co--

Allowance for doubtful accounts 15,700 debit

                Accounts Receivables      15,700 credit

--to record the write-off using allowance method--

Accounts Receivables      15,700 debit

      Allowance for doubtful accounts 15,700 credit

--to record reversal when payment is received--

Cash   15,700 debit

       Accounts receivables 15,700 credit

--to record collection from Beijing Palace Co--

Explanation:

We write-off the blaance of the account

19,900 - 4,200 = 15,700

Then, we have to reverse the entry to nulify it. Then we record the colelction like any other.

4 0
3 years ago
Suppose you have been hired as a financial consultant to Defense Electronics, Inc. (DEI), a large, publicly traded firm that is
Setler79 [48]

Answer:

Initial Cash Flow at Time 0 = -(Appraised Value of Land + Cost of Building Plant and Equipment + Net Working Capital)

Substituting values in the above formula, we get,

Initial Cash Flow at Time 0 = -(6,000,000 + 32,600,000 + 1,475,000) = -$40,075,000 (answer for Part a)

_____

Part b)

Step 1: Calculate Weights of Different Sources of Finance

Market Value of Debt = Number of Bonds*Par Value*Current Selling Price Percentage = 245,000*1,000*105% = $257,250,000

Market Value of Common Stock = Number of Shares*Current Selling Price = 9,500,000*73.10 = $694,450,000

Market Value of Preferred Stock = Number of Shares*Current Selling Price = 465,000*83 = $38,595,000

Total Market Value of Firm = Market Value of Debt + Market Value of Common Stock + Market Value of Preferred Stock = 257,250,000 + 694,450,000 + 38,595,000 = $990,295,000

Now, we can calculate weights as follows:

Weight of Debt = Market Value of Debt/Total Market Value of Firm = 257,250,000/990,295,000

Weight of Equity = Market Value of Equity/Total Market Value of Firm = 694,450,000/990,295,000

Weight of Preferred Stock = Market Value of Preferred Stock/Total Market Value of Firm = 38,595,000/990,295,000

_____

Step 2: Calculate After-Tax Cost of Debt

The after-tax cost of debt can be calculated with the use of Rate function/formula of EXCEL/Financial Calculator. The function/formula for Rate is Rate(Nper,PMT,-PV,FV) where Nper = Period, PMT = Payment (here, Coupon Payment), PV = Present Value (here, Current Selling Price) and FV = Future Value (here, Face Value of Bonds).

Here, Nper = 23*2 = 46, PMT = 1,000*6%*1/2 = $30, PV = 1,000*105% = $1,050 and FV = $1,000

Using these values in the above function/formula for Rate, we get,

Pre-Tax Cost of Debt = Rate(46,30,-1050,1000)*2 = 5.61%

After-Tax Cost of Debt = Pre-Tax Cost of Debt*(1-Tax Rate) = 5.61%*(1-22%) = 4.38%

______

Step 3: Calculate Cost of Preferred Stock

The cost of preferred stock is determined as below:

Cost of Preferred Stock = Annual Dividend/Current Stock Price*100 = (3.8%*100)/83*100 = 4.58%

______

Step 4: Calculate Cost of Equity

The cost of equity is arrived as below:

Cost of Equity = Risk Free Rate + Beta*(Market Risk Premium) = 2.9% + 1.2*(6%) = 10.10%

Calculate Discount Rate

The value of discount rate is calculated as follows:

Discount Rate = (Weight of Debt*After-Tax Cost of Debt + Weight of Preferred Stock*Cost of Preferred Stock + Weight of Equity*Cost of Equity) + Appropriate Risk Adjustment Factor

Substituting values in the above formula, we get,

Discount Rate = (257,250,000/990,295,000*4.38% + 38,595,000/990,295,000*4.58% + 694, 450,000/990,295,000*10.10%) + 1.5% = 9.90% (answer for Part b)

The after-tax salvage value of the plant is arrived as below:

Annual Depreciation = Cost of Plant and Equipment/Useful Life = 32,600,000/8 = $4,075,000

Book Value of Plant and Equipment After 5 Years = Cost of Plant and Equipment - Annual Depreciation*5 = 32,600,000 - 4,075,000*5 = $12,225,000

Loss on Sale of Plant and Equipment = Book Value of Plant and Equipment After 5 Years - Salvage Value = 12,225,000 - 5,200,000 = $7,025,000

After-Tax Salvage Value = Salvage Value + Loss on Sale of Plant and Equipment*Tax Rate = 5,200,000 + 7,025,000*22% = $6,745,500 (answer for Part c)

The annual operating cash flow (OCF) is determined as follows:

Sales Value (19,550*11,070) 216,418,500

Less Variable Costs (19,550*9,700) 189,635,000

Fixed Costs 7,500,000

Depreciation 4,075,000

EBT 15,208,500

Less Taxes 3,345,870

EAT 11,862,630

Add Depreciation 4,075,000

Operating Cash Flow $15,937,630

Answer for Part d) is $15,937,630.

The accounting break-even quantity is calculated as follows:

Accounting Break-Even Quantity = (Fixed Cost + Depreciation)/(Selling Price - Variable Cost)

Substituting values in the above formula, we get,

Accounting Break-Even Quantity = (7,500,000 + 4,075,000)/(11,070 - 9,700) = 8,449 units (answer for Part e)

IRR

IRR is the minimum rate of return acceptable from a project. It can be calculated with the use of IRR function/formula of EXCEL/Financial Calculator. The basic formula for calculating IRR is given below:

NPV = 0 = Cash Flow Year 0 + Cash Flow Year 1/(1+IRR)^1 + Cash Flow Year 2/(1+IRR)^2 + Cash Flow Year 3/(1+IRR)^3 + Cash Flow Year 4/(1+IRR)^4 + Cash Flow Year 5/(1+IRR)^5

IRR is calculated with the use of EXCEL as below:

Year Cash Flow 0 -40075000 15937630 15937630 15937630 15937630 30558130 33.16% 4 6 4 IRR 10

where

IRR = RR(B2:B7) = 33.16%

NPV

The NPV can be calculated with the use of following formula:

NPV = Cash Flow Year 0 + Cash Flow Year 1/(1+Discount Rate)^1 + Cash Flow Year 2/(1+Discount Rate)^2 + Cash Flow Year 3/(1+Discount Rate)^3 + Cash Flow Year 4/(1+Discount Rate)^4 + Cash Flow Year 5/(1+Discount Rate)^5

Substituting values in the above formula, we get,

NPV = -40,075,000 + 15,937,630/(1+9.90%)^1 + 15,937,630/(1+9.90%)^2 + 15,937,630/(1+9.90%)^3 + 15,937,630/(1+9.90%)^4 + (15,937,630 + 6,745,500 + 1,475,000 + 6,400,000)/(1+9.90%)^5 = $29,619,521.66

6 0
3 years ago
For a restaurant: Group of answer A. fire insurance on a building would be a fixed factor of production.B. labor and food would
ser-zykov [4K]

Answer:

C. a building would be a fixed factor of production in the short run

Explanation:

A fixed factor of production are factors of production that cannot be readily varied with production level or output e.g. building, equipment.

A variable favor of production are factors of production that can be easily varied with production. E.g. labour

In the long run, all factors of production can be varied.

Insurance is an expense.

Food is the output produced by the restaurant.

I hope my answer helps you

5 0
3 years ago
During the last year of operations, Theta’s accounts receivable increased by $10,000, accounts payable increased by $5,000, and
Serga [27]

Answer:

$3,000

Explanation:

An increase in accounts receivable reduces cash flow by $10,000. An increase in accounts payable increases cash flow by $5,000. A decrease in inventory increases cash flow by $2,000. The total impact is a reduction in cash flow by $3,000.

A cash flow statement is a statement shows how changes in rn balance sheet and income statement affects cash and other cash equivalents.

8 0
4 years ago
The comparison between which two items is like playing chess compared to playing checkers
MArishka [77]

ANSWER: The comparison between two items which shows what is being played - Playing chess or checkers are:

1. Chess uses the whole board while checkers doesn't. Chess uses every piece on the board whereas Checkers uses only half of the board because of its limitation in movement.

2. Moves in Checkers needs to plan many steps in advance while the moves in Chess needs to be planned after your opponent has completed his move. Chess movements are reactive while Checker movements are proactive in nature.

7 0
3 years ago
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