To find the circumference we must work backwards from the area to find the radius of the circle.
Area = pi x radius squared
4 x pi = pi x radius squared
4 = radius squared
2 = radius
Now that we have the radius, we can plug it into our formula for circumference.
Circumference = pi x diameter (or 2 x radius)
Circumference = pi x 4
Circumference = 4
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Human invasive use of outdoor and artificial lightning (AKA light pollution) has made us less able to see the sky and the stars. Light pollution affects our visual abilities to see objects in the sky by altering the colors and contrast of the night-sky, which makes astronomers less able to study the skies.
I take this class so the answer is A single stranded dna molecule serves as a template