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yKpoI14uk [10]
4 years ago
10

Question 22 Write the empirical formula for at least four ionic compounds that could be formed from the following ions:

Chemistry
1 answer:
Ivenika [448]4 years ago
7 0

Answer:

We can use the criss-cross method to work out the formulas.  

Explanation:

The steps are

  1. Write the symbols of the anion and cation.
  2. Criss-cross the numbers of the charges to become the subscripts of the other ion.
  3. Write the formula with the new subscripts.
  4. Divide the subscripts by their highest common factor.
  5. Omit all subscripts that are 1.

When we use this method, the formula for the compound formed from NH₄⁺ and PO₄³⁻ becomes (NH₄)₃PO₄.

The table below lists the formulas for the possible combinations.

\begin{array}{ccc}& \textbf{PO}_{4}^{3-} & \textbf{ClO}_{3}^{-}\\\textbf{NH}_{4}^{+} & \text{(NH$_{4}$)$_{3}$PO$_{4}$} & \text{NH$_{4}$ClO}_{3}\\\textbf{Fe}^{3+} & \text{FePO}_{4} & \text{Fe(ClO$_{3}$)}_{3}\\\end{array}

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The Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid from ammonia and oxygen involves the following steps:
bagirrra123 [75]

Answer:

12 NH_3 (g)+ 21 O_2 (g) + \longrightarrow  14 H_2O (l) + 8 HNO_3 (g) + 4 NO (g)

Explanation:

The steps of the Ostwald process:

4 NH_3 (g) + 5 O_2 (g) \longrightarrow 4 NO (g) + 6 H_2O (g)

2 NO (g) + O_2 (g) \longrightarrow 2 NO_2 (g)

3 NO_2 (g) + H_2O (l) \longrightarrow 2 HNO_3 (g) + NO (g)

Combinning the equations:

4 NH_3 (g) + 5 O_2 (g) \longrightarrow 4 NO (g) + 6 H_2O (g)

+

(2 NO (g) + O_2 (g) \longrightarrow 2 NO_2 (g))*2

+

(3 NO_2 (g) + H_2O (l) \longrightarrow 2 HNO_3 (g) + NO (g))*4/3

=

4 NH_3 (g)+ 4 NO (g)+ 7 O_2 (g) + 4 NO_2 (g) +4/3 H_2O (l) \longrightarrow 4 NO (g) + 6 H_2O (g) +  4 NO_2(g) + 8/3 HNO_3 (g) + 4/3 NO (g)

Simplifying:

4 NH_3 (g)+ 7 O_2 (g) + \longrightarrow  14/3 H_2O (l) + 8/3 HNO_3 (g) + 4/3 NO (g)

12 NH_3 (g)+ 21 O_2 (g) + \longrightarrow  14 H_2O (l) + 8 HNO_3 (g) + 4 NO (g)

The overall reaction is endothermic becuase the formation of new chemical bonds requires energy consumption.

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Describe the shapes and relative energies of the SPD & f atomic orbitals
Deffense [45]

Explanation:

The shapes and relative energies of the orbitals s,p,d and f orbitals are given by the principal quantum number and the azimuthal quantum number.

The principal quantum number gives the main energy level and the azimuthal quantum number denotes the shape of the orbitals.

  • For the principal quantum number, they represent the energy levels in which the orbital is located or the average distance of the orbital from the nucleus. It takes the number n = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7......
  • The azimuthal quantum number(L) shows the shape of the orbitals in subshells accommodating electrons. The number of possible shapes is limited by the the principal quantum number.

L             Name of orbital                     shape of orbital

0                     s                                         spherical

1                      p                                         dumb-bell

2                     d                                        double dumb-bell

3                      f                                          complex

Principal                        Azimuthal                   Orbital

Quantum                       Quantum                    Designation of

Number (N)                  Number(l)                     Sublevel

       1                                   0                                   1s

       2                                  0                                   2s

                                            1                                   2p

       3                                  0                                   3s

                                            1                                    3p

                                            2                                   3d

      4                                   0                                    4s

                                           1                                      4p

                                           2                                      4d

                                           3                                      4f

Learn more:

Atomic orbitals brainly.com/question/9514863

#learnwithBrainly

6 0
4 years ago
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