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labwork [276]
2 years ago
14

According to Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, when the distance between two interacting objects doubles, the gravitational

force is
Physics
1 answer:
maksim [4K]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

<em>If the distance doubles, the gravitational force is divided by 4</em>

Explanation:

<u>Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation </u>

Objects attract each other with a force that is proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

\displaystyle F=G{\frac {m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}}

Where:

m1 = mass of object 1

m2 = mass of object 2

r     = distance between the objects' center of masses

G   = gravitational constant: 6.67\cdot 10^{-11}~Nw*m^2/Kg^2

If the distance between the interacting objects doubles to 2r, the new force F' is:

\displaystyle F'=G{\frac {m_{1}m_{2}}{(2r)^{2}}}

Operating:

\displaystyle F'=\frac{1}{4}G{\frac {m_{1}m_{2}}{r^{2}}}

Substituting the original value of F:

\displaystyle F'=\frac{1}{4}F

If the distance doubles, the gravitational force is divided by 4

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A uniform metal meter-stick is balanced with a 1.0 kg rock attached to the left end of the stick. If the support is located 0.25
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Answer:

c) 1.0 kg

Explanation:

The mass of the stick will be located at the centre of the metre rule. Since the rock is located 0.25m from the pivot, the mass of the meter rule is also 0.25m to the Right of the support

According to law of moment

Sum of clockwise moment = sum of anti clockwise moments

Clockwise moment = M×0.25(mass of metre rule is M)

CW moment = 0.25M

Anti clockwise moment = 0.25×1

ACW moments = 0.25kgm

Equate;

0.25M = 0.25

M = 0.25/0.25

M = 1.0kg

Hence the mass of the metre rule is 1.0kg

8 0
3 years ago
What is apparent magnitude and what can affect it?
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3 years ago
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3 years ago
Some bats have specially shaped noses that focus ultrasound echolocation pulses in the forward direction. Why is this useful?
creativ13 [48]

Answer:

The evolutionary success of bats is accredited to their ability, as the only mammals, to fly and navigate in darkness by echolocation, thus filling a niche exploited by few other predators. Over 90% of all bat species use echolocation to localize obstacles in their environment by comparing their own high frequency sound pulses with returning echoes. The ability to localize and identify objects without the use of vision allows bats to forage for airborne nocturnal insects, but also for a diverse range of other food types including motionless perched prey or non-animal food items.

The agility and precision with which bats navigate and forage in total darkness, is in large part due to the accuracy and flexibility of their echolocation system. The echolocation clicks of the few echolocating Pteropodidae (Rousettus) are fundamentally different from the echolocation sounds produced in the larynx that we focus on here, and thus not part of this review. Many studies have shown that bats adapt their echolocation calls to a variety of conditions, changing duration and bandwidth of each call and the rate at which calls are emitted in response to changing perceptual demands . In recent years the intensity and directionality of echolocation signals has received increasing research attention and it is becoming evident that these parameters also play a major role in how bats successfully navigate and forage. To perceive an object in its surroundings, a bat must ensonify the object with enough energy to return an audible echo. Hence, the intensity and duration of the emitted signal act together to determine how far away a bat can echolocate an object. Equally important is signal directionality. Bat echolocation calls are directional, i.e., more call energy is focused in the forward direction than to the sides (Simmons, 1969; Shimozawa et al., 1974; Mogensen and Møhl, 1979; Hartley and Suthers, 1987, 1989; Henze and O'Neill, 1991). An object detectable at 2 m directly in front of the bat may not be detected if it is located at the same distance but off to the side. Consequently, at any given echolocation frequency and duration, it is the combination of signal intensity and signal directionality that defines the search volume, i.e., the volume in space where the bat can detect an object.

The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge about intensity and directionality of bat echolocation calls, and show how both are adapted to habitat and behavioral context. Finally, we discuss the importance of active motor-control to dynamically adjust both signal intensity and directionality to solve the different tasks faced by echolocating bats.

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
In the shadow of a tree with a dense, leafy canopy, one sees a number of light spots. Surprisingly, they all appear to be circul
Bad White [126]

The characteristics of the diffraction phenomenon allow to find the result for the shape of the points of light that you pass the tree is:

  • The shape of the dots is circular because it is in the range of far-field diffraction.

Diffraction is the phenomenon where the undulatory part of the light becomes evident, it is the interference of the waves that make up each ray of light, for this phenomenon to occur it must be fulfilled that the wavelength is of the order of the space where pass the light.

In the leafy tree it has many leaves, but there are spaces between them, some of these spaces are small and it fulfills the diffraction condition, therefore we see bright spots and not a continuous shadow.

Diffraction can be classified depending on the distance to the observer:

  • Near field or fresnel. In this case the distance from the observer is small and we can see the shape of the object that creates the diffraction.
  • Far field or Fraunhoger. In this case the distance between the obstacle (leaves) and the person is great, here the information on the shape of things is lost and we have two observable forms. Lines for the case of slits and circles for the case of objects with a closed shape.

In this case, the distance from the leaves to the observer is large, therefore we are in the case of far-field diffraction and since the edge of the leaves that forms the diffraction is closed, the observable shape is a circle.

In conclusion using the characteristics of the diffraction phenomenon we can find the result for the shape of the points of light that pass the tree is:

  • The shape of the dots is circular because it is in the range of far-field diffraction.

Learn more about diffraction here:  brainly.com/question/20140459

8 0
2 years ago
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