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Norma-Jean [14]
3 years ago
14

In an aircraft jet engine at takeoff, the combustion products expand adiabatically in the exhaust nozzle. At entrance to the noz

zle, the pressure is 0.180 MPa and the temperature is 1200 K. The kinetic energy of the gas entering the nozzle is very much smaller than the kinetic energy of the gas leaving the nozzle. The specific heat of the exhaust gas varies with temperature approximately as follows: Cp = 0.959 + 1.16 X 10-4T + 3.65 X 10-8T2 , in which the units of cP are kJ/kg · K and Tis the temperature in K. The molecular weight of the exhaust gas is 30. Supposing the expansion to be frictionless (reversible) as well as adiabatic, show how the exhaust velocity and pressure will depend on the exhaust temperature for a series of values: 1100, 1000, and 900 K. At each temperature determine also the speed of sound VyRT'.
Engineering
1 answer:
tensa zangetsu [6.8K]3 years ago
5 0

At entrance to the nozzle, the pressure is 0.180 MPa and the temperature is 1200 K. The kinetic energy of the gas entering the nozzle is very much smaller than ... The specific heat of the exhaust gas varies with temperature approximately as follows: ... Problem 4P: In an aircraft jet engine at takeoff, the combustion product.

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Design a solid steel shaft to transmit 14 hp at a speed of 2400rpm f the allowable shearing stress is given as 3.5 ksi.
Sonbull [250]

Answer:

 Is required a 0.8 inches diameter steel shaft.

Explanation:

With the power P and the rotating speed n (RPM), we can find the torque applied:

T = P/N

Before calculating the torque, we convert the power and rotating speed units:

P = 14\ HP * 550\ \frac{\frac{lb.ft}{s}}{HP} *\frac{12\ in}{ft} = 92400\ \frac{lb.in}{s}

n=2400\ RPM .\frac{2\pi/60\frac{rad}{s}}{RPM}= 251\frac{rad}{s}

Replacing the values, the torque obtained is:

T = \frac{92400\ lb.in/s}{251\ rad/s} = 368\ \ lb.in

Then the maximum shearing stress will be located at the edge of the shat at the Maximus radius:

Smax =\ \frac{T.R}{J}

Here J is the moment of inertia and R a radius. For a solid shaft, it is calculated by:

J =\frac{\pi.D^4}{32}

Where D is shaft's diameter. Replacing the expression of J in

Smax =\frac{T.R}{\frac{\pi.D^4}{32}}

As the radius is half of the diameter:

Smax =\frac{T.D}{\frac{2*\pi.D^4}{32\\} } = \frac{16T}{\pi.D^3}

For the maximum stress of 3.5 ksi (3500 psi = 3500\ lb/in^2) and the calculated torque:

Smax = \frac{16.368\ lb.in}{3500\ lb/in^2*\pi.D^3}

Solving for D:

D =\sqrt[3]{16.368\ lb.in / (3500\pi\ lb/in^2)}} = 0.8\ in

5 0
3 years ago
Consider a Carnot heat-engine cycle executed in a closed system using 0.028 kg of steam as the working fluid. It is known that t
Paha777 [63]

Answer:

T=138 °C

Explanation:

Given that

m = 0.028 kg

Net work output W= 60 KJ

T₂=2T₁

As we know that efficiency of Carnot heat engine given as

\eta=1-\dfrac{T_1}{T_2}

\eta=1-\dfrac{T_1}{2T_1}

η = 0.5

We know that

\eta=\dfrac{W}{Q_a}

Qa=heat addition

W= net work output

\eta=\dfrac{W}{Q_a}

0.5=\dfrac{60}{Q_a}

Qa= 120 KJ

From first law

Qa= W+ Qr

Qr= 120 - 60

Qr= 60 KJ  

Qr Is the heat rejection.

Heat rejection per unit mass

Qr=60 / 0.028 = 2142.85 KJ/kg

Qr= 2142.85 KJ/kg

Temperature at which latent heat of steam is  2142.85 KJ/kg will be our answer.

T=138 °C

The temperature corresponding to 2142.85 KJ/kg will be 138 °C.

T=138 °C

8 0
3 years ago
A manometer connected to a Pitot-static tube has a difference in the height of the two columns of water of 10 cm when the Pitot-
kaheart [24]

Answer:

v = 40 m/s

Explanation:

Difference in the height of the two columns:

h_m = \triangle h = 10 cm \\h_m = 0.1 m

Air density, \rho_{air} = 1.225 kg/m^3

Water density, \rho_{w} = 1000 kg/m^3

The velocity of air flow is given by the equation:

v =  \sqrt{2gh_m (\frac{p_w}{p_{air}} - 1) } \\\\v =  \sqrt{2*9.81*0.1 (\frac{1000}{1.225} - 1) }\\\\v = 40 m/s

7 0
4 years ago
What is the first step necessary for initiating the visual transduction cascade in rods?.
irinina [24]

'Capturing a photon by<em> isomerization and rhodopsin </em>of retinal' is the first step necessary for initiating the visual transduction cascade in rods.

Visual transduction refers to the process in the eye where absorption of light in the 'retina' is translated into electrical signals that then reach the brain. It is correct to state that visual transduction is the photochemical reaction that takes place when light or photon is converted to an electric signal in the retina. The visual pigment in the rods, called rhodopsin, is a membrane protein placed in the outer segments of the rods.

When initiating the visual transduction cascade in rods the first vital step is to capture a photon by<em> isomerization and rhodopsin</em> of retinal'.

You can leran more about visual transduction at

brainly.com/question/13798113

#SPJ4

4 0
1 year ago
What is pre-flush and post flush in petroleum engineering?
cluponka [151]

Answer:

Pre-Flush:

It is also known as In-line Equalization. In this stage of flow equalization, all the flow passes through the equalization basin. It helps in reduction of fluctuation in pollutants concentration and flow rate and helps to control short term surges with the use of basin.

Post-Flush:

Another name for this stage is Off-line Equalization. In this stage, only overflow above a predetermined standard is diverted into the basin. It helps in reducing the fluctuations in loading by a considerable amount and helps to reduce the pumping requirement. It is basically used to capture "first flush" from combined collection systems.

5 0
3 years ago
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