The immune system protects and fights germs and bacteria that get into the body. I hope this helped.
Answer:
There is sugar on the pig's surface that humans don't have.
Explanation:
"This rapid rejection occurs when human antibodies attach to sugar molecules on the surface of the transplanted pig organ's cells."
Answer: lithosphere
Explanation:
Apart of the earth upper mantle,
The risk of recurrence of a trait based on known incidence in a population refers to the empiric risk.
<h3>What is empiric risk?</h3>
Disorder present in a family member will reoccur in other family member after some period of time.
Cancers are very difficult to treat so it has high rate of recurrence such as leukemia it has 9% to 29% recurrence rate depending upon risk.
The recurrence chance for Down syndrome is nearly 1%.
The chance of recurrence risk in future offspring is 3% - 5% if a parent or sibling is affected with a disorder.
Therefore,the risk of recurrence of a trait based on known incidence in a population refers to empiric risk.
Learn more about empiric risk here:
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<h2>Intestinal Epithelial Cells (IEC)</h2>
Explanation:
- <em>Polarized intestinal epithelial cells (IEC),</em> as well as the resident microflora, provide a barrier that guards <em>against microbial invasion</em>
- The necessity for the <em>epithelium </em>to maintain an intact barrier between <em>lumen bacteria</em> and the lamina propria is exemplified by the consequences after the barrier function is altered
- Impairment of the barrier function of the <em>intestinal epithelium may be a predominant mechanism in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)</em>
