Use the formula in terms of half life from the normal exponential functions
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N(t) = N(0) (1/2) ^ (t/thalf) </span>
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N(0) is the original quantity </span>
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N(t) = quantity remaining at time t </span>
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t is the time </span>
<span>
thalf is half life </span>
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1/16 = (1/2)^(t/3.82) </span>
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16 = 2^(t/3.82) </span>
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4 = t/3.82 </span>
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t = 15.28 days
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The empirical formula of the compound with the percent composition C 18.1%, H 2.27%, Cl 79.8% is C₂H₃Cl₃.
<h3>What is an empirical formula?</h3>
It is the minimum ratio between the elements that form a compound.
- Step 1: Divide each percentage by the molar mass of the element.
C: 18.1/12.01 = 1.51
H: 2.27/1.01 = 2.25
Cl: 79.8/35.45 = 2.25
- Step 2: Divide all the numbers by the smallest one.
C; 1.51/1.51 = 1
H: 2.25/1.51 ≈ 1.5
Cl: 2.25/1.51 ≈ 1.5
- Step 3: Multiply all the numbers by 2 so all of them are whole.
C: 1 × 2 = 2
H: 1.5 × 2 = 3
Cl: 1.5 × 2 = 3
The empirical formula is C₂H₃Cl₃.
The empirical formula of the compound with the percent composition C 18.1%, H 2.27%, Cl 79.8% is C₂H₃Cl₃.
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Explanation:
- When a bond is formed by transfer of electrons from one atom to another then it results in the formation of an ionic bond.
An ionic bond is generally formed by a metal and a non-metal.
For example, lithium is an alkali metal with atomic number 3 and its electronic distribution is 2, 1.
And, chlorine is a non-metal with atomic number 17 and its electronic distribution is 2, 8, 7.
So, in order to complete their octet lithium needs to lose an electron and chlorine needs to gain an electron.
Hence, both of then on chemically combining together results in the formation of an ionic compound that is, lithium chloride (LiCl).
An ionic compound is formed by LiCl because lithium has donated its valence electron to the chlorine atom.
- On the other hand, if a bond is formed by sharing of electrons between the two chemically combining atoms then it is known as a covalent bond.
For example,
is a covalent compound as electrons are being shared by each oxygen atom.
Answer:
HClO 7.54
Explanation:
Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is a weakest acid because the pKa value of Hypochlorous acid is very high among the options given in the activity. pKa is a method which is used in order to identify the strength of an acid. The higher the value of pKa of a liquid, lower the strength of an acid while lower the value of pKa of chemical, higher the strength of an acid. In the options, HClO2 is a strong acid due to high lower pKa value.
Answer:
Product: ethyl L-valinate
Explanation:
If we want to understand what it is the molecule produced we have to an<u>alyze the reagents</u>. We have valine an <u>amino acid</u>, in this kind of compounds we have an <em>amine group</em> (
) and a <em>carboxylic acid</em> group (
). Additionally, we have an <u>alcohol </u>(
) in the presence of HCl (a <u>strong acid</u>) in the first step, and a base (
).
When we have an acid and an alcohol in a vessel we will have an <u>esterification reaction</u>. In other words, an ester is produced. As the <em>first step,</em> the oxygen in the C=O (in the carboxylic acid group) would be protonated. In the <em>second step</em>, the ethanol attacks the carbon in the C=O of the carboxylic acid group producing a new bond between the oxygen in the ethanol and the carbon in the carboxylic acid. In <em>step 3</em>, a proton is transferred to produce a better leaving group (
). In <em>step 4</em>, a water molecule leaves the main structure to produce again the double bond C=O. <em>Finally</em>, a base (
) removes the hydrogen from the C=O bond to produce ethyl L-valinate
See figure 1
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