Any light that exist was already emitted from somewhere. Any light that is absorbed, is destroyed, and is not emitted light; though, it may lead to light being emitted.
The answer is stem cells, they consist of classes of cells
that are undifferentiated and are able to be classified them into types like
specialized cells. They consist of having two main sources that will help them
develop and mature, these main sources are called the embryonic stem cell and
the adult stem cell.
1.the air cannot support any additional water vapr
2.endothermic reactions
3.50%
4.false
5. false
Answer: zap70, ITAM.
Explanation:
An antigen is any substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response by activating lymphocytes, which are the body’s infection-fighting white blood cells. Examples of antigens could be proteins that are part of bacteria or viruses or components of serum and red blood cells from other individuals, all of them are foreign antigens originated outside the body. However, there can also be autoantigens (which are self-antigens), originated within the body. In normal conditions, the body is able to distinguish self from nonself. <u>And the antigens that represent a danger induces an immune response by stimulating the lymphocytes to produce antibody or to attack the antigen directly</u>. This is called an antigenic stimulation of the immune system.
ZAP-70 (Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70) is a protein that is part of the T cell receptor, thereby it plays a critical role in T-cell signaling. When the TCR (receptor of T cells) is activated by the presentation of the specific antigen through the MHC, a protein called Lck acts to phosphorylate the intracellular CD3 chains and the ζ chains of the TCR complex, allowing the binding of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, ZAP-70. Lck then phosphorylates and activates ZAP-70, which in turn phosphorylates another molecule in the signaling cascade called LAT (short for Linker of Activated T cells), a transmembrane protein that serves as an anchor site for several other proteins. The tyrosine phosphorylation cascade initiated by the Lck culminates in the intracellular mobilization of calcium ion (Ca2+) <u>and the activation of important signaling cascades within the lymphocytes.</u> These include the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway, which is based on activating certain transcription factors such as NFAT, NFκB and AP-1. These transcription factors regulate the production of of certain gene products, most notably cytokines such as interleukin-2 that promote the long-term proliferation and differentiation of activated lymphocytes.
The ITAM motifs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) are sequences of four amino acids present in the intracellular tails of certain proteins that serve as receptors within the immune system. Thus, <u>some receptors such as the TCR have ITAM sequences that, when activated, trigger an intracellular reaction based on consecutive phosphorylations</u>. Kinases are recruited for this purpose.
So, ZAP-70 is a protein tyrosine kinase with a role in T-cell receptor signal transduction. During T-cell activation, ZAP-70 binds to ITAM and becomes tyrosine phosphorylated. The binding of ZAP-70 to the phosphorylated ITAM is able to activate its kinase activity, <u>and relieves the inhibition of the transcription factor which regulates genes that are involved in the immune reaction</u>.
<h3>
An intelligent, water-agile mammal with a main diet of sea urchins.</h3>
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Sea otters tend to inhabit the shores of the pacific (sometimes rivers, ponds, or lakes), a favorite habitat is the kelp forests on the coast of California. Mother otters even tie their babies (and sometimes themselves) in kelp leaves, keeping them near and preventing floating away when diving for food. This is a clear sign of intelligence, and they classify as mammals. Otters stay in groups led by a dominant male, but sometimes females will leave with their babies, or males will depart in search of their own group to manage.
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<em>Have a good day/night! </em>
<em>~pinetreee</em>
