Cells need to intake things like nutrients, water, and oxygen, and they need to be able to export things like metabolic products and waste materials. No matter which direction the material is moving in, it needs to cross the cell membrane at some point.
Albinism is a recessive trait characterized by an absence of pigment melanin responsible for skin and hair color. Actually, albinism is caused by a defect in gene for enzyme which synthesizes melanin. The central dogma of molecular biology explains that the sequence of DNA specifies the sequence of mRNA, which, further, specifies codes for the sequence of proteins. Since a gene is a segment of DNA, altered gene will cause altered mRNA which will cause altered protein. Thus, <span>defect in gene for enzyme which synthesizes melanin will cause the absence of melanin and consequently, albinism.</span>
The option that is true of genes found on chromosomes is that D. they determine the inherited traits of an organism.
Genes are inherited - so those are the things that we get from our parents and other ancestors. It is easy to determine which of these genes a child is going to inherit - the doctors just need to take a look at the chromosomes, because genes are located there.