The number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom determines<span> its </span>reactivity<span>.</span><span>
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Explanation:
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The bond<span> length in a </span>molecule<span> of </span>KBr<span> is measured to be 282.1 pm, compared with a </span>nonpolar<span> covalent radius sum for K and Br of 310,4. </span>
B. Lower elements have more energy levels
Explanation:
Ionization energy decreases down the group because lower elements have more energy levels. Therefore, the pull of the nucleus on the outermost shell electrons is not so great.
- Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
- It is a measure of the readiness of an atom to lose an electron.
- Down a group or family, atomic radius increases due to addition of more electronic shells or energy levels.
- As the atomic radius becomes larger, the ionization energy reduces.
- This is because of the increased shielding/screening effect of inner shell electrons on the electron to be removed from the nuclear attraction.
- This way, its takes a lesser amount of energy to remove them as shielding effects increases down the group.
Learn more:
ionization energy brainly.com/question/1971327
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