Discuss the four major hypotheses of how memory improves, as proposed by Flavell and Wellman.

1 answer:

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The 4 major hypotheses created by John Flavell and Henry Wellman on how memory improves would be first the Piagetarian perspective compose of the nature-nurture, continuity or discontinuity and the active child. Second is the information-processing perspective compose of the nature to nurture still, mechanisms of change. Third would be the sociocultural perspective that would include nature to nurture followed by the influence of sociocultural context and mechanisms of change and lastly the dynamic-systems perspective including nature to nurture, the active child and mechanisms of change.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

The geological time scale is based on major changes in Earth's climate history. This is because of the reason that climate governs the geological processes on Earth. In geology, we study the ages with the help of stratigraphical data where sediment deposition and the fossils it is hosting are the keys to understand the environmental conditions at that particular time. These conditions didn't change significantly unless the climate was changed. An example is the extinction of dinosaurs during K/T boundary event (mass extinction). The most likely reason is the hitting of a meteorite on Earth that changed the climate of Earth in a short period making it least favorable for many organisms to survive.

On the other hand, the occurrence of huge events cannot be used to establish a geological time scale because sometimes, the changes happen more slowly.

Similarly, shifts in the Earth orbits are cyclic however geological time scale doesn't reflect cyclic changes. The same climate can establish in different ages but these events are not used not as a criterion to establish a geological time scale.

In the end, the time span of humans on Earth is very small when compared with the overall geological time scale. Humans record exists from Pleistocene (2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago) to today whereas geological time scale starts in the Archean Eon (4.0 billion to 2.5 billion years ago).

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