Area of a circle is directly proportional to the square of radius of the circle while the circumference is proportional to the radius of the circle. This means that if the radius of a circle is increased x times, then its area will be increased to x^2 times the original area, and the circumference will increase to x times the original circumference.
Thus when the radius is doubled, or in other words if radius mad 2 time the original radius, the area of circle will become 2^2 = 4 time the original area. The circumference will become 2 times the original circumference.
We can calculate exact area and circumference of a circle from its radius using the following equations:
Area of circle = (pi/4)*r^2
Circumference of circle = 2*pi*r
Where r is the radius of the circle.
I know this is a lot, sorry.
To solve this, create an equation that follows 45% of a value is 18. This would look like x*.45=18. Now, solve for x, x*.45=18, divide by .45, x=18/.45=40, making your value 40. To check, plug in your value to the equation 40*.45=18 and see if it stays true.
His estimate is reasonable. But only if Michael is less than 2 years old.
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I think the third one.
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